CHINA PHARMACY Volume 33，Number 18，September 30，2022 Semimonthly Table of Contents Study on the availability of essential medicines for children at 18 tertiary children ’s hospitals / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide emp irical evidence for relevant decision makers in China to formulate and improve policies related to children ’s medicine use . METHODS Based on the purchase data （Jul. 2016-Jun. 2019）of 18 tertiary children ’s hospitals，the availability of medicines included in the 7th edition of WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children （WHO EMLc）and their influential factors were investigated according to standard medicine investigation method recommended by the WHO and Health Action International . RESULTS A totally 189 active ingredients listed in the 7th edition of WHO EMLc were available at 18 tertiary children ’s hospitals in China ，which referred to 229 medicines. The availability of Budesonide inhalation suspension，oral rehydration salt ，Immunoglobulin for injection and Water for injection was 100%. In each quarter from Jul . 2016 to Jun . 2019，the availability of more than half of the medicines exceeded 50%，and the availability of the medicines remained basically stable in each quarter . The overall availability of cardiovascular system medicines and blood system medicines was the highest，while that of antiparasitic medicines and dermatology medicines was lower . There were 28 medicines（12.2%）that were not approved for use in children in China ，the use of which were off -label. The medicines which had been approved for children and which were included in national essential medicine list had a significantly higher availability （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The availability of essential medicines for children is generally better at tertiary children ’s hospitals in China . But the use of some essential medicines in children are off -label. In order to ensure the safety and the availability of essential medicines for children ，it is suggested to introduce China ’s essential medicines list for children ，to promote clinical trials in children for commonly used medicines，and to updete the drug manual in time .

Analysis of 240 Cases of Medical Damage Liability Disputes Caused by Medication Error / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study general chara cteristics and medication of medical damage liability disputes cases caused by medication error ， and to provide references for related departments and medical staff for preventing and reducing medication-induced medical disputes. METHODS ：A total of 240 cases of medical damage liability disputes cases caused by medication error were collected from Peking University ’s Fabao Law Database during Jan. 2001 to Feb. 2020，and analyzed in terms of general situation ，damage outcome ，level of the hospital involved ，liability judgment and compensation ，types of medication error and drug types. RESULTS ：medication-related medical damage liability disputes accounted for 25.3％ of overall medical damage disputes ；the most damage result of patients was death （68.3％）；medical negligence forensic appraisal was conducted as the main appraisal pattern with a proportion of 57.9％；the average case compensation was 203，000 yuan；the hospitals involved were mainly tertiary hospitals （48.8％）；the main type of medication error involved was prescription error ； chemical medicine was mainly involved ，of which the top three categories were systemic antibacterial ，systemic corticosteroids and antipsychotics. CONCLUSIONS ：ADR caused by medication errors are the common causes of medical disputes. Medical institutions should focus on improving the relevant systems and processes ，strengthen the construction of pharmaceutical information and automation system ，and reduce the probability of medication errors ；at the same time ，great importance should be paid to the cultivation of pharmaceutical talents in hospital ，give full play to the role of pharmacists ，and strengthen the monitoring and intervention of medication errors. Finally ，the relevant national judicial departments should constantly improve the settlement mechanism of medical damage liability disputes to provide reasonable protection for both doctors and patients.

Research on the Development of O 2O Pharmaceutical Care Mode in China under the Internet Plus Background / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for improving the level of pharmaceutical care in hospitals and promoting the continuous transformation and upgrading of O 2O pharmaceutical care mode in medical institutions in China. METHODS ：Using “Internet”“Network”“O2O”“Pharmaceutical care ”“Medication education ”“Chronic disease management ”“Medication consultation ” “Science popularization and education ”as keywords ，related literatures were collected from CNKI ，VIP，Wanfang and other Chinese databases during Jan. 2012-Mar. 2020. The development process ，characteristics，service content ，advantages and disadvantages of O 2O pharmaceutical care mode in China were analyzed and summarized ，and relevant suggestions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：O2O pharmaceutical care in Chinese hospitals covers prescription review and dispensing ， drug distribution ，medication consultation after visiting ，medication education ，chronic disease management ，science popularization and education ，pharmacy clinic ，etc.，realizing the whole process of closed-loop management. At present ，O2O pharmaceutical care in Chinese hospital had gradually moved from stage 1.0 to stage 2.0. Artificial intelligence technology has also been widely integrated into all aspects of pharmaceutical care ，assisting hospital pharmacists to better practice the “patient-centered”service concept，not only improving the quality and value of pharmacists ’pharmaceutical care more efficiently and accurately ，but also promoting the sinking of high-quality pharmaceutical resources and serving the grassroots. O2O pharmaceutical care shows the advantage of optimizing the allocation of pharmaceutical care resources ，expanding the scope of pharmaceutical care ，improving the relationship between doctors and patients ，diverting patients with different needs ，and promote hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. However，there are still some problems ，such as the failure to effectively cover rural patients ，the risk of patient privacy leakage ， and the lack of special quality management standards ，which hinder the further development and improvement of scale advantage of O2O pharmaceutical care. It is suggested to further improve the pharmaceutical care function of the platform ，expand the consumer population，promulgate relevant laws and regulations as soon as possible ，carry out continuing education and training for pharmacists according to the needs of patients in grassroots areas ，establish and improve relevant laws and regulations ，and improve O 2O pharmaceutical care quality management standards， so as to promote the development of O 2O pharmaceutical care mode in the hospital in China.

Identification of the Peptides that Bind to PTA1 mAb(LeoA1) by Phage Displayed Library / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Aim To screen peptides binding specifically to anti-human PTA1mAbs from a random twelve-peptide phage-disp-layed library. Methods Series of PTA1mAbs(LeoA1、 1B11、 C9、 2D1、 2E9、 2G8、 2H2 and E8)were purified using protein-A affinity column. PTA1mAbs which could bind PTA1-Fc fusion protein binding to its ligand were confirmed by flow cytometry, and then used as target to screen phage library. After three rounds of affinity screening, the peptide sequences of positive phage clones were determined and analyzed. Results LeoA1 could block PTA1-Fc fusion protein binding to its ligand. 13 phages which could bind specifically to LeoA1 were isolated from phage library and further confirmed by ELISA. Conserved motifs were found among the sequences of the peptides. Conclusion It was shown that the conserved motifs were candidafe regions binding to PTA1 ligand,which is important to identify functional epitopes for seeking ligand of PTA1 and further investigation of biological function of PTA1.

Exploring a New Gene Containing ACP Like Domain in HumanBrain and Expression It in E. coli / 生物化学与生物物理进展

To look for new genes from human brain, get a fragment was obtained using adaptor primer and 3' anchor polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the human adult whole brain cDNA as template. The fragment was cloned into T easy vector and automatically sequenced with 310 Genetic Analyzer. Later the whole length cDNA of this novel gene was got with the method of 3'rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE). The whole length of cDNA of this novel gene is 2 024 bp. Chromsome location is at 14q11.2 including 16 extrons and 15 introns. After scanning the sequence against GenBank it is proved that the sequence is a new one. ORF analysis showed that there is a complete coding region in it,it can interprate a protein containing 357 amino acid residules. ProDom analysis result showed that there is an acyl carrier protein (ACP) like domain in it. The gene was banked into GenBank. Then, a pare of primers were designed and were used to amplify the coding region and cloned into pGEX-4T1 expressing vector to express it in E. coli . The Dot blotting and Northern blot showed that this novel gene is highly expressed in the normal adult human brain.